1. Old road survey

冷再生技術(shù)適用于大部分瀝青混凝土舊路大修與改建工程。需要對(duì)舊路進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的調(diào)查，主要包括以下內(nèi)容

Cold recycling technology is applicable to most asphalt concrete old road overhaul and reconstruction projects. First, a detailed survey of the old road is required, mainly including the following contents

（1）對(duì)舊路結(jié)構(gòu)和歷年修補(bǔ)改造情況進(jìn)行調(diào)查，了解路面病害情況，包括變形、裂縫、邊緣破壞等。

(1) Investigate the old road structure and the repair and reconstruction over the years to understand the pavement diseases, including deformation, cracks, edge damage, etc.

（2）對(duì)舊路進(jìn)行彎沉檢測，以分析舊路的破壞狀況和承載能力，確定重復(fù)利用舊路基層進(jìn)行冷再生的必要性。

(2) The deflection of the old road is detected to analyze the damage status and bearing capacity of the old road, and determine the necessity of reusing the old road base for cold regeneration.

（3）對(duì)舊路結(jié)構(gòu)層進(jìn)行鉆芯取樣，以確定舊路結(jié)構(gòu)層的厚度及各層材料的工程特性。

(3) Core drilling and sampling shall be carried out for the old road structure layer to determine the thickness of the old road structure layer and the engineering characteristics of the materials of each layer.

2、材料組成設(shè)計(jì)

2. Material composition design

通過試驗(yàn)分析，我們認(rèn)為冷再生層的性能與混合料級(jí)配有著顯著而密切的關(guān)系。如若舊料中4.75mm以上的粒料含量過低(<40%)，則需加入部分級(jí)配的新骨料；若舊料中4.75mm>80%)，則會(huì)導(dǎo)致細(xì)料(特別是<0.6mm 的集料)對(duì)空隙的填充不足，混合料強(qiáng)度偏低，則需在冷再生混合料中加入部分級(jí)配的細(xì)集料，以便形成具有良好級(jí)配的骨架密實(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)，提高混合料的強(qiáng)度。但這無疑都會(huì)提高冷再生結(jié)構(gòu)層的造價(jià)，需與新建的結(jié)構(gòu)層進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)比較以后再實(shí)施。

Through experimental analysis, we believe that the performance of cold recycled layer is significantly and closely related to the mixture gradation. If the content of aggregate above 4.75mm in the old material is too low (< 40%), some graded new aggregate shall be added; If 4.75mm > 80%) in the old material will lead to insufficient filling of voids by fine materials (especially aggregates < 0.6mm) and low mixture strength, it is necessary to add partially graded fine aggregates to the cold recycled mixture, so as to form a skeleton dense structure with good gradation and improve the strength of the mixture. However, this will undoubtedly increase the cost of cold regeneration structural layer, which needs to be implemented after economic comparison with the new structural layer.

3、瀝青混凝土路面現(xiàn)場冷再生技術(shù)的施工工藝

3. Construction technology of on-site cold recycling technology for asphalt concrete pavement

冷再生技術(shù)的施工工藝按加水在撒布外摻劑的前后順序分為先加水施工和后加水施工兩種。經(jīng)過對(duì)試驗(yàn)段鋪筑效果分析后發(fā)現(xiàn)， 先加水施工的冷再生結(jié)構(gòu)層更容易壓實(shí)成型， 且表面均勻、平整、光滑，壓實(shí)度容易滿足要求。建議在水源充足， 時(shí)間允許條件下采用先加水施工工藝。

The construction process of cold regeneration technology is divided into two types: water adding construction first and water adding construction later according to the sequence of water adding before and after the distribution of admixture. After analyzing the paving effect of the test section, it is found that the cold recycled structural layer constructed with water first is easier to compact and form, and the surface is uniform, flat and smooth, and the degree of compaction is easy to meet the requirements. It is suggested to adopt the construction process of adding water first when the water source is sufficient and time permits.

（1）瀝青混凝土路面現(xiàn)場冷再生施工前的準(zhǔn)備工作

(1) Preparation before cold recycling construction of asphalt concrete pavement on site

( a) 對(duì)舊路狀況進(jìn)行調(diào)查， 包括3 項(xiàng)內(nèi)容

(a) investigate the condition of the old road, including three items

進(jìn)行彎沉檢測， 了解現(xiàn)有承載力情況， 計(jì)算舊路E0 值；

Carry out deflection detection, understand the existing bearing capacity and calculate the E0 value of the old road;

進(jìn)行交通量及軸載調(diào)查， 計(jì)算設(shè)計(jì)年限內(nèi)的“累計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)當(dāng)量軸載次數(shù)”，以提出厚度及強(qiáng)度要求；

Investigate the traffic volume and axle load, calculate the "cumulative standard equivalent axle load times" within the design life, and put forward the thickness and strength requirements;

進(jìn)行鉆芯取樣， 確定舊路瀝青混凝土面層厚度、基層材料性質(zhì)及厚度等參數(shù)， 供冷再生結(jié)構(gòu)層設(shè)計(jì)之用。

Core drilling sampling shall be carried out to determine the thickness of asphalt concrete surface course, base material properties and thickness of the old road for the design of cold recycled structural layer.

(b) 根據(jù)計(jì)算的冷再生結(jié)構(gòu)層厚度、舊路瀝青混凝土面層厚度及基層材料的性質(zhì)， 對(duì)材料進(jìn)行土質(zhì)分析， 以確定外摻劑的種類。

(b) According to the calculated thickness of cold recycled structural layer, the thickness of asphalt concrete surface layer of old road and the properties of base material, the soil quality of the material is analyzed to determine the type of admixture.

( c) 將舊路充分破碎的混合料進(jìn)行篩分， 以確定其級(jí)配是否符合規(guī)定的級(jí)配要求或級(jí)配要求。

(c) screen the fully broken mixture of the old road to determine whether its grading meets the specified or recommended grading requirements.

(d) 通過室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)確定冷再生材料的級(jí)配及外摻劑的劑量。

(d) The gradation of cold recycled materials and the dosage of admixtures are determined through laboratory tests.

( e) 根據(jù)冷再生結(jié)構(gòu)層的強(qiáng)度要求， 選擇佳的外摻劑及劑量作為鋪筑試驗(yàn)段的依據(jù)。

(E) select the best admixture and dosage as the basis for paving the test section according to the strength requirements of the cold recycled structural layer.

（2）瀝青混凝土路面現(xiàn)場冷再生施工工藝

(2) On site cold recycling construction technology of Asphalt Concrete Pavement

(a) 清潔路面， 保持需要銑刨范圍內(nèi)路面的整潔。

(a) Clean the road surface and keep the road surface clean within the milling range.

(d) 添加劑攤鋪， 按大干容量、壓實(shí)厚度和外摻劑的劑量要求， 計(jì)算1 m2 冷再生混合料需要的外摻劑數(shù)量。

(d) For additive paving, the quantity of admixture required for 1m2 cold recycled mixture shall be calculated according to the requirements of maximum dry capacity, compaction thickness and dosage of admixture.

(b) 銑刨， 對(duì)于銑刨后粒徑大于40 mm 的舊路材料需或人工破碎。

(b) For milling, the old road materials with particle size greater than 40 mm after milling shall be removed or broken manually.

(c) 加水， 邊銑刨邊加水， 調(diào)整舊料含水量使其達(dá)到佳含水量。

(c) Add water while milling, and adjust the water content of the old material to achieve the best water content.

(e) 拌和， 用再生機(jī)邊拌和邊灑水， 為拌和均勻，可適當(dāng)增加拌和及灑水遍數(shù)。

(e) For mixing, water shall be sprayed while mixing with a regenerator. In order to mix evenly, the mixing and watering times can be appropriately increased.

(f) 初平， 拌和完成后用平地機(jī)按路拱橫坡初平。

(f) Initial leveling, after mixing, use grader to conduct initial leveling according to the cross slope of road arch.

( g) 排壓， 用30 t 以上的壓路機(jī)先排壓一遍， 一去一回為一遍， 重疊1/ 2 輪寬。

(g) for pressure discharge, a roller of more than 30 t shall be used to discharge pressure for one time, one for each time, overlapping 1 / 2 of the wheel width.

( h) 找平， 用平地機(jī)按設(shè)計(jì)高程及橫坡進(jìn)行初平、中平、精平， 直高程、橫坡滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求。

(H) for leveling, use a grader to conduct preliminary leveling, intermediate leveling and fine leveling according to the design elevation and cross slope until the elevation and cross slope meet the design requirements.

（i）碾壓成型， 對(duì)于水泥類穩(wěn)定粒料從加水到壓實(shí)完畢不能超過水泥的終凝時(shí)間， 有關(guān)資料表明， 延遲2 h 可使強(qiáng)度降低10%～25% ， 因此不準(zhǔn)間歇或第二天再補(bǔ)壓。

(i) For rolling and forming, the final setting time of cement stabilized aggregate from adding water to compaction shall not exceed the final setting time of cement. Relevant data show that delaying 2 h can reduce the strength by 10% ~ 25%. Therefore, it is not allowed to supplement rolling intermittently or the next day.

( j) 養(yǎng)生， 養(yǎng)生質(zhì)量與冷再生結(jié)構(gòu)層強(qiáng)度的形成有密切關(guān)系， 養(yǎng)生不好會(huì)導(dǎo)致路面強(qiáng)度的降低。

(J) curing. The curing quality is closely related to the formation of the strength of the cold recycled structural layer. Poor curing will reduce the pavement strength.

冷再生租賃技術(shù)可以充分利用舊路資源，對(duì)舊路面層及基層進(jìn)行再生利用形成新的路面基層。是對(duì)舊路推除重建的完全否定，既要挖除舊路重做結(jié)構(gòu)層，又要把舊路廢料運(yùn)走堆放。二者相比，前者直接和簡潔，經(jīng)濟(jì)效益顯著。在路面結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)理念上，廢舊瀝青的再生利用將會(huì)改變過去以剛性材料做基層的設(shè)計(jì)觀點(diǎn)。是瀝青路面再生利用養(yǎng)護(hù)技術(shù)的一次革命。

Cold recycling lease technology can make full use of the old road resources and recycle the old pavement layer and base to form a new pavement base. It is a complete negation of the demolition and reconstruction of the old road. It is necessary to dig out the old road and rebuild the structural layer, and also transport the waste of the old road away and stack. Compared with the two, the former is direct and concise, with significant economic benefits. In the design concept of pavement structure, the recycling of waste asphalt will change the design view of using rigid materials as base course in the past. It is a revolution of asphalt pavement recycling and maintenance technology.

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